SiberianTiger
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In November, 2011 Russia will initiate a first national interplanetary probe's mission in 21st century. It will become second such endeavour after disastrous Mars-96 mission in 1996 (1st and the only before today attempt of an interplanetary mission in post-Soviet Russia) and begin 27 years after launch of the last successful Russian interplanetary mission (VeGa-1, VeGa-2 spacecraft).
Phobos-Grunt (a.k.a. Phobos-Soil) spacecraft will perform studies of Phobos, Mars and space surrounding Mars after entering Areocentric orbit in 2012, perform landing in a selected point at Phobos, ground sampling and in situ studies in 2013, and return the sample back to Earth in middle of 2014.
Piggybacked with the main spacecraft, is Chinese YingHou-1 probe. Yinghuo-1's scientific objectives are focused mostly on Mars' upper atmosphere and space environment. Among all its objectives and planned measurements, the most unusual and groundbreaking experiment is one in which Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 will work in tandem to measure the structure of Mars' ionosphere. The two spacecraft will point at each other, and Phobos-Grunt will broadcast a signal through Mars' ionosphere to an "occultation receiver" on Yinghuo-1. Wu et al. explain the experiment this way: Yinghuo-1 is going to "receive the signals at two frequencies (833 MHz / 416.5 MHz) from the Russian Phobos-Grunt probe and to measure the signal amplitudes and carrier phases at these two frequencies, then to obtain the electron density profile and total electron content of the Martian ionosphere by on-the-ground post-processing."
Launch location:
Baikonur Launch pad no. 45/1 45В°56'35.87"N, 63В°39'10.83"E
Mission Timers:
{colsp=6}Launch
Time Zone |
{colsp=6}
Subsequent events (updated when new data becomes available):
{colsp=5}Mission events
Time Zone |
{colsp=5}
{colsp=5}
{colsp=5}
{colsp=5}
{colsp=5}
{colsp=5}Live Coverage Of The Launch:
PAYLOAD 1
Phobos-Soil (a.k.a. Phobos-Grunt) interplanetary probe
Spacecraft Overview
The spacecraft's journey to Mars is scheduled to take about ten months. It will then spend several months studying the planet and its moons from orbit, before landing on Phobos. The current timeline is for arrival in October 2012 and landing in February 2013.
The soil sample collection will begin immediately after the lander has touched down on Phobos. Normal collection will last 2–7 days. An emergency mode exists for the case of communications breakdown, which enables the lander to automatically launch the return rocket to deliver the samples to Earth. The samples, which can be up to 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) in diameter, will be collected by a robotic arm. At the end of the arm, there is a pipe-shaped tool which splits to form a claw. The tool contains a piston which will push the sample into a cylindrical container. A light-sensitive photo-diode will confirm whether material collection was successful and will also allow visual inspection of the digging area. The sample extraction device should perform 15 to 20 scoops yielding a total of 3 to 5.5 ounces (85 to 160 g) of soil.
The return rocket is situated on top of the lander. It will need to accelerate to 35 km/h (22 mph) to escape Phobos' gravity. In order to avoid harming the experiments remaining at the lander, the return vehicle will only ignite its engine once the vehicle has been vaulted to a safe height by springs. It will then begin maneuvers for the eventual trip to Earth, where it is expected to arrive in August 2014.
After the departure of the return vehicle, the lander's experiments will continue in-situ on Phobos' surface for a year. To conserve power, mission control will turn these on and off in a precise sequence. The robotic arm will place more samples in a chamber that will heat it and analyze its spectra. This analysis might determine the presence of easily vaporized substances, such as water.
The landing site that has been chosen is a region from 5В°S to 5В°N, 230В° to 235В°W.
Characteristics|
PAYLOAD 2:
YingHuo-1 (meaning: Firefly, literally, "luminous fire," pinyin "yГ
nghuЗ’") interplanetary probe
YH 1 will enter a highly eccentric Mars orbit, which will well cover the areas of solar wind, bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetic pileup region, and tail and plasma sheet.
The scientific objectives of the mission are:
Characteristics|
Launch Vehicle:
{colsp=2}Characteristics
|
{colsp=2}
The vehicle's reliability statistics according to http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/log2011.html#rate:
Phobos-Grunt Launch ground tracks
The tracks have mission time ticks
1st burn close-up map:
2nd burn close-up map:
Search TLE's
Parking orbit:
Intermediate orbit:
Phobos-Grunt Mission Plan
Initial Orbit insertion, Orbit boosting and Trans-Mars Ejection
In-flight corrections Mars shpere of influence operations and the trip back
Schematics and mass breakdown of the stages active over the mission
Details of the return module and descend capsule
The descent capsule's blueprint extracted from BioPhobos experiment's presentation (dormant biological objects will have to survive the trip to vicinity of Mars and back)
The series of slides elaborating the principles of picking the target landing site (C. Lorenz, A. Basilevsky / Vernadsky Institute, Moscow; J. Oberst, M. Waehlisch / German aerospace center
Institute of Planetary research; K. Willner / Technical University, Berlin; G. Neukum / ).
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Look at the thread page 4
Weather forecast for Baikonur, Kazakhstan on November 9, 2011 (2 a.m.)
Time|Temps|Wind|Chill|Heat Index|UV Index|Dew Point|Relative Humidity|Precip|Snow|Clouds|Visibility|Wind|Weather
2 AM|-8В°C|-8В°C|-8В°C|0|Low|-9В°C|90%|10%|9%|46%|16KM|CAL 0 km/h|
References
http://www.federalspace.ru
http://www.laspace.ru
http://www.yuzhmash.com
http://www.yuzhnoye.com
http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com
http://www.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru
http://www.spacelaunchreport.com
http://www.intellicast.com/Local/Forecast.aspx
http://ms2011.cosmos.ru/content/presentations
[ame="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinghuo_1"]Yinghuo-1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia[/ame]
http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yinghuo-1.htm
http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00002655/
Phobos-Grunt (a.k.a. Phobos-Soil) spacecraft will perform studies of Phobos, Mars and space surrounding Mars after entering Areocentric orbit in 2012, perform landing in a selected point at Phobos, ground sampling and in situ studies in 2013, and return the sample back to Earth in middle of 2014.
Piggybacked with the main spacecraft, is Chinese YingHou-1 probe. Yinghuo-1's scientific objectives are focused mostly on Mars' upper atmosphere and space environment. Among all its objectives and planned measurements, the most unusual and groundbreaking experiment is one in which Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 will work in tandem to measure the structure of Mars' ionosphere. The two spacecraft will point at each other, and Phobos-Grunt will broadcast a signal through Mars' ionosphere to an "occultation receiver" on Yinghuo-1. Wu et al. explain the experiment this way: Yinghuo-1 is going to "receive the signals at two frequencies (833 MHz / 416.5 MHz) from the Russian Phobos-Grunt probe and to measure the signal amplitudes and carrier phases at these two frequencies, then to obtain the electron density profile and total electron content of the Martian ionosphere by on-the-ground post-processing."
Launch location:
Baikonur Launch pad no. 45/1 45В°56'35.87"N, 63В°39'10.83"E
Mission Timers:
Time Zone |
Australia - Sydney/AEST
|
Baikonur / UTC+6
|
Moscow / UTC+4/
|
Universal / UTC
|
Washington / EST
Launch time (Primary):
|
07:16:03.145 a.m.
|
02:16:03.145
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00:16:03.145
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20:16:03.145
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3:16:03.145 p.m.
on:
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Nov. 9, 2011
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Nov. 9, 2011
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Nov. 9, 2011
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Nov. 8, 2011
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Nov. 8, 2011
{colsp=6}
[highlight][eventTimer]2011-11-08 20:16:03?before|after;%dd% Days %hh% Hours %mm% Minutes %ss% Seconds %c%[/eventTimer] Phobos-Grunt Launch[/highlight]
Subsequent events (updated when new data becomes available):
Time Zone |
Australia - Sydney/AEST
|
Moscow / UTC+4/
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Universal / UTC
|
Washington / EST
Spacecraft separation:
|
07:27.27.747 a.m.
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00:27.27.747
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20:27.27.747
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3:27.27.747 p.m.
on:
|
Nov. 9, 2011
|
Nov. 9, 2011
|
Nov. 8, 2011
|
Nov. 8, 2011
{colsp=5}
[eventTimer]2011-11-08 20:27:27?before|after;%dd% Days %hh% Hours %mm% Minutes %ss% Seconds %c%[/eventTimer] Phobos-Grunt Separation from LV
1st Main Engine Burn:
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(not done) 1st Main Engine Burn
1st Main Engine Shutdown (Intermediate orbit insertion):
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on:
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(not done) Intermediate Orbit Insertion
APT Jettison:
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on:
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{colsp=5}
(not done) APT Jettison
2nd Main Engine Burn:
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on:
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{colsp=5}
(not done) 2nd Main Engine Burn
2nd Main Engine Shutdown (Trans-Mars Ejection):
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on:
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(not done) Trans-Mars Ejection
- TSENKI Video Streams: http://www.tsenki.com/broadcast/broadcast/ - coverage since 22:16 MSK (18:16 UTC) till 1:16 MSK (21:16 UTC)
- Vesti (short stand-up right before launch): http://www.vesti.ru/videos?vid=onair
- Spaceflight Now: http://spaceflightnow.com/live/
PAYLOAD 1
Phobos-Soil (a.k.a. Phobos-Grunt) interplanetary probe
Spacecraft Overview
The spacecraft's journey to Mars is scheduled to take about ten months. It will then spend several months studying the planet and its moons from orbit, before landing on Phobos. The current timeline is for arrival in October 2012 and landing in February 2013.
The soil sample collection will begin immediately after the lander has touched down on Phobos. Normal collection will last 2–7 days. An emergency mode exists for the case of communications breakdown, which enables the lander to automatically launch the return rocket to deliver the samples to Earth. The samples, which can be up to 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) in diameter, will be collected by a robotic arm. At the end of the arm, there is a pipe-shaped tool which splits to form a claw. The tool contains a piston which will push the sample into a cylindrical container. A light-sensitive photo-diode will confirm whether material collection was successful and will also allow visual inspection of the digging area. The sample extraction device should perform 15 to 20 scoops yielding a total of 3 to 5.5 ounces (85 to 160 g) of soil.
The return rocket is situated on top of the lander. It will need to accelerate to 35 km/h (22 mph) to escape Phobos' gravity. In order to avoid harming the experiments remaining at the lander, the return vehicle will only ignite its engine once the vehicle has been vaulted to a safe height by springs. It will then begin maneuvers for the eventual trip to Earth, where it is expected to arrive in August 2014.
After the departure of the return vehicle, the lander's experiments will continue in-situ on Phobos' surface for a year. To conserve power, mission control will turn these on and off in a precise sequence. The robotic arm will place more samples in a chamber that will heat it and analyze its spectra. This analysis might determine the presence of easily vaporized substances, such as water.
The landing site that has been chosen is a region from 5В°S to 5В°N, 230В° to 235В°W.
Phobos-Grunt
Parts diagram:
|
Customer:
|- Roscosmos, Russian Academy of Science
Prime contractor:
|- Lavochkin Association (NPO)
Prime scientific supervisor:
|- Institute of Space Research of Russian Academy of Science (IKI RAN)
Platform:
|- Navigator
Mass at Separation:
|- 13 505 kg
Scientific payload Mass:
|- 50 kg
Mass of delivered samples:
|- 0.2 kg
Total mission span:
|- ~ 34 months
Communication band:
|- X
Attitude keeping:
|- 3-axis
Main Propulsion System:
|- Dry Mass: less than 735 kg
- Max Propellants Mass: 7 150 kg
- Engine Thrust: 19 777 N
- ISP: 3 268.7 m/s
Transfer-Orbital Module:
|- Mass: less than 550 kg
- Solar Arrays Area: 10 m^2
- Attitude keeping precision: 0.5 deg
- Angular speed of stabilization: 0.005 deg/s
- Transmitter power: 40 W
- Propulsion system dry mass: 180 kg
- Max propellants mass: 1 050 kg
- Engine Thrust: 1 530 N
- ISP: 2 982 m/s
Returned Module:
|- Dry Mass: 139 kg
- Propellants mass: 135 kg
- Solar Arrays Area: 1.4 m^2
- Attitude keeping precision: 0.5 deg
- Angular speed of stabilization: 0.005 deg/s
- Transmitter power: 15 W
- Engine Thrust: 124.6 N
- ISP: 3 002 m/s
Descend Module:
|- Mass: 7 kg
- Sample chamber volume: 100 cm^3
PAYLOAD 2:
YingHuo-1 (meaning: Firefly, literally, "luminous fire," pinyin "yГ
nghuЗ’") interplanetary probe
YH 1 will enter a highly eccentric Mars orbit, which will well cover the areas of solar wind, bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetic pileup region, and tail and plasma sheet.
The scientific objectives of the mission are:
- To study details of Martian space magnetosphere, ionosphere and the plasma distribution and their variations;
- To study Martian ion escape mechanism, its implication for water loss.
- To have moderate surveys of Martian surface topography, sandstorm and its influence on ionosphere;
- To explore the Martian gravity field near equator by analyzing orbital data of YH-1.
YingHuo-1
Customer:
|- China National Space Administration
Prime contractor:
|- CAST(?)
Independent Lifetime:
|- 1 year
Mass:
|- 115 kg
Orbit:
|- 800 km Г— 80000 km, 36В° Mars orbit
Launch Vehicle:
Zenit-2SB (or Zenit-2)
Prime contractor:
|- Yuzhmash (A.M. Makarov Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant) - Ukraine
GRAU Index:
|- 11K77
Height:
| 57 m [/I]Diameter:
| max 3.9 mLiftoff mass:
| 444.9 metric tonnes[/I]Payload mass:
| ~13.7 tonnes at LEO1st stage:
|- 1 X RD-171 engine
- Empty 33.9 tonnes
- Propellants 318.8 tonnes (RG-1 Kerosene and LOX)
- Thrust in vacuum 7 908 kN
- Thrust at sea level 7 259 kN
2nd stage:
|- 1 X RD-120 engine + 1 X RD-8 vernier engine
- Empty 9.3 tonnes
- Propellants 80.6 tonnes (RG-1 Kerosene and LOX)
- Thrust in vacuum 834 + 78 kN
The vehicle's reliability statistics according to http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/log2011.html#rate:
Code:
================================================================
Vehicle Successes/Tries Realzd Pred Consc. Last Dates
Rate Rate* Succes Fail
================================================================
Zenit 2(M) 29 37 .78 .77 6 9/9/98 1985-The tracks have mission time ticks
1st burn close-up map:
2nd burn close-up map:
Search TLE's
Parking orbit:
Code:
PHSRM_1EB
1 55500U 11000A 11312.95486111 -.00000000 00000-0 -11606-4 0 0017
2 55500 51.4279 0.6058 0106375 25.7555 298.8256 15.98414689000039
Code:
PHSRM_2EB
1 55500U 11000A 11313.04305556 -.00000000 00000-0 -11606-4 0 0017
2 55500 51.4188 0.3905 2273205 349.9535 330.1600 10.95863356000019Initial Orbit insertion, Orbit boosting and Trans-Mars Ejection
In-flight corrections Mars shpere of influence operations and the trip back
Schematics and mass breakdown of the stages active over the mission
Details of the return module and descend capsule
The descent capsule's blueprint extracted from BioPhobos experiment's presentation (dormant biological objects will have to survive the trip to vicinity of Mars and back)
The series of slides elaborating the principles of picking the target landing site (C. Lorenz, A. Basilevsky / Vernadsky Institute, Moscow; J. Oberst, M. Waehlisch / German aerospace center
Institute of Planetary research; K. Willner / Technical University, Berlin; G. Neukum / ).
Mission Scientific Program and instruments
Look at the thread page 4
Weather forecast for Baikonur, Kazakhstan on November 9, 2011 (2 a.m.)
2 AM|-8В°C|-8В°C|-8В°C|0|Low|-9В°C|90%|10%|9%|46%|16KM|CAL 0 km/h|
http://www.federalspace.ru
http://www.laspace.ru
http://www.yuzhmash.com
http://www.yuzhnoye.com
http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com
http://www.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru
http://www.spacelaunchreport.com
http://www.intellicast.com/Local/Forecast.aspx
http://ms2011.cosmos.ru/content/presentations
[ame="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinghuo_1"]Yinghuo-1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia[/ame]
http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yinghuo-1.htm
http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00002655/
Attachments
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